About Mass Communication and Journalism MCQs
Mass Communication and Journalism is a popular optional subject in CSS and PMS, and a core subject for media students. It covers the theoretical foundations of communication, the history of the press, media ethics, and modern digital journalism.
Topics Covered in This Category
- Communication Theory: Models of communication, agenda-setting, and media effects.
- History of Press: The evolution of newspapers and media in Pakistan and globally.
- Journalism Practices: News reporting, editing, headline writing, and investigative journalism.
- Media Laws & Ethics: Press ordinances, PEMRA, defamation, and media codes of conduct.
How to Prepare for Mass Communication MCQs
Memorize the key theorists and their theories (e.g., Shannon-Weaver, Lasswell). Keep a separate list of media laws and regulatory bodies in Pakistan. Stay updated with current affairs, especially as they relate to media freedom, social media trends, and digital journalism.
Question 101: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Gap between demographics with and without access to ICT'? (Q101)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Digital Divide
Explanation: Gap between demographics with and without access to ICT refers to Digital Divide.
Question 102: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Free Flow of Information'? (Q102)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Post-WWII Policy
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Free Flow of Information focuses on Post-WWII Policy.
Question 103: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Alternative Paradigm'? (Q103)
- A Top-down approach
- B Community radio
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Alternative Paradigm is linked to Community radio.
Question 104: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Al Jazeera' known for? (Q104)
- A Major news network established in Qatar (1996)
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Al Jazeera is identified with Major news network established in Qatar (1996).
Question 105: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Using radio broadcasts combined with group discussion for agricultural development'? (Q105)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Radio Farm Forum
Explanation: Using radio broadcasts combined with group discussion for agricultural development refers to Radio Farm Forum.
Question 106: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'MacBride Commission Report'? (Q106)
- A Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- B Paulo Freire
- C UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
- D Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
Explanation: MacBride Commission Report focuses on UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance.
Question 107: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'NWICO'? (Q107)
- A Empowerment model
- B Decolonization of media
- C NWICO movement
- D Top-down approach
Explanation: NWICO is linked to Decolonization of media.
Question 108: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Dominant Paradigm' known for? (Q108)
- A Economic growth and modernization model of development
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Bottom-up approach prioritizing community involvement
Explanation: Dominant Paradigm is identified with Economic growth and modernization model of development.
Question 109: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Bottom-up approach prioritizing community involvement'? (Q109)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Participatory Communication
Explanation: Bottom-up approach prioritizing community involvement refers to Participatory Communication.
Question 110: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Cultural Imperialism'? (Q110)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Herbert Schiller
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Cultural Imperialism focuses on Herbert Schiller.
Question 111: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Development Support Communication (DSC)'? (Q111)
- A Top-down approach
- B Targeted field media
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Development Support Communication (DSC) is linked to Targeted field media.
Question 112: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Reuters' known for? (Q112)
- A Global news agency founded in UK
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Reuters is identified with Global news agency founded in UK.
Question 113: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'American non-profit news agency'? (Q113)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Associated Press (AP)
Explanation: American non-profit news agency refers to Associated Press (AP).
Question 114: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Agence France-Presse (AFP)'? (Q114)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C French Wire Service
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Agence France-Presse (AFP) focuses on French Wire Service.
Question 115: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Social Marketing'? (Q115)
- A Top-down approach
- B Public health campaigns
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Social Marketing is linked to Public health campaigns.
Question 116: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Digital Divide' known for? (Q116)
- A Gap between demographics with and without access to ICT
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Digital Divide is identified with Gap between demographics with and without access to ICT.
Question 117: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Western doctrine advocating unrestricted international news movement'? (Q117)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Free Flow of Information
Explanation: Western doctrine advocating unrestricted international news movement refers to Free Flow of Information.
Question 118: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Alternative Paradigm'? (Q118)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Post-modern Development
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Alternative Paradigm focuses on Post-modern Development.
Question 119: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Al Jazeera'? (Q119)
- A Top-down approach
- B Counter-hegemonic flow
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Al Jazeera is linked to Counter-hegemonic flow.
Question 120: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Radio Farm Forum' known for? (Q120)
- A Using radio broadcasts combined with group discussion for agricultural development
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Radio Farm Forum is identified with Using radio broadcasts combined with group discussion for agricultural development.
Question 121: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Many Voices, One World'? (Q121)
- A NWICO
- B Dominant Paradigm
- C Participatory Communication
- D MacBride Commission Report
Explanation: Many Voices, One World refers to MacBride Commission Report.
Question 122: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'NWICO'? (Q122)
- A Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- B Paulo Freire
- C Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: NWICO focuses on Call by developing countries for balanced news flow.
Question 123: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Dominant Paradigm'? (Q123)
- A Empowerment model
- B Top-down approach
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Dominant Paradigm is linked to Top-down approach.
Question 124: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Participatory Communication' known for? (Q124)
- A Bottom-up approach prioritizing community involvement
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Participatory Communication is identified with Bottom-up approach prioritizing community involvement.
Question 125: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Domination of global media by Western media conglomerates'? (Q125)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Cultural Imperialism
Explanation: Domination of global media by Western media conglomerates refers to Cultural Imperialism.
Question 126: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Development Support Communication (DSC)'? (Q126)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Erskine Childers
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Development Support Communication (DSC) focuses on Erskine Childers.
Question 127: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Reuters'? (Q127)
- A Top-down approach
- B 1851 establishment
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Reuters is linked to 1851 establishment.
Question 128: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Associated Press (AP)' known for? (Q128)
- A American non-profit news agency
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Associated Press (AP) is identified with American non-profit news agency.
Question 129: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Oldest international news agency'? (Q129)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Agence France-Presse (AFP)
Explanation: Oldest international news agency refers to Agence France-Presse (AFP).
Question 130: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Social Marketing'? (Q130)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Philip Kotler
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Social Marketing focuses on Philip Kotler.
Question 131: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Digital Divide'? (Q131)
- A Top-down approach
- B Infrastructure inequality
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Digital Divide is linked to Infrastructure inequality.
Question 132: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Free Flow of Information' known for? (Q132)
- A Western doctrine advocating unrestricted international news movement
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Free Flow of Information is identified with Western doctrine advocating unrestricted international news movement.
Question 133: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Focuses on self-reliance, local culture, and sustainability'? (Q133)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Alternative Paradigm
Explanation: Focuses on self-reliance, local culture, and sustainability refers to Alternative Paradigm.
Question 134: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Al Jazeera'? (Q134)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Global South Broadcasting
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Al Jazeera focuses on Global South Broadcasting.
Question 135: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Radio Farm Forum'? (Q135)
- A Top-down approach
- B India/Canada experiments
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Radio Farm Forum is linked to India/Canada experiments.
Question 136: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'MacBride Commission Report' known for? (Q136)
- A Many Voices, One World
- B New World Information and Communication Order
- C Economic growth and modernization model of development
- D Bottom-up approach prioritizing community involvement
Explanation: MacBride Commission Report is identified with Many Voices, One World.
Question 137: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'New World Information and Communication Order'? (Q137)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B Dominant Paradigm
- C Participatory Communication
- D NWICO
Explanation: New World Information and Communication Order refers to NWICO.
Question 138: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Dominant Paradigm'? (Q138)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Paulo Freire
- C Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Dominant Paradigm focuses on Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner.
Question 139: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Participatory Communication'? (Q139)
- A Top-down approach
- B Empowerment model
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Participatory Communication is linked to Empowerment model.
Question 140: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Cultural Imperialism' known for? (Q140)
- A Domination of global media by Western media conglomerates
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Cultural Imperialism is identified with Domination of global media by Western media conglomerates.
Question 141: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Systematic use of communication for development projects'? (Q141)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Development Support Communication (DSC)
Explanation: Systematic use of communication for development projects refers to Development Support Communication (DSC).
Question 142: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Reuters'? (Q142)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C International Wire Service
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Reuters focuses on International Wire Service.
Question 143: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Associated Press (AP)'? (Q143)
- A Top-down approach
- B 1846 establishment
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Associated Press (AP) is linked to 1846 establishment.
Question 144: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Agence France-Presse (AFP)' known for? (Q144)
- A Oldest international news agency
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Agence France-Presse (AFP) is identified with Oldest international news agency.
Question 145: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Using commercial advertising principles to promote social good'? (Q145)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Social Marketing
Explanation: Using commercial advertising principles to promote social good refers to Social Marketing.
Question 146: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Digital Divide'? (Q146)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Global Communications
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Digital Divide focuses on Global Communications.
Question 147: Which key aspect or historic background is associated with 'Free Flow of Information'? (Q147)
- A Top-down approach
- B Market liberal media
- C NWICO movement
- D Decolonization of media
Explanation: Free Flow of Information is linked to Market liberal media.
Question 148: In Global Communication and Development studies, what is 'Alternative Paradigm' known for? (Q148)
- A Focuses on self-reliance, local culture, and sustainability
- B Many Voices, One World
- C New World Information and Communication Order
- D Economic growth and modernization model of development
Explanation: Alternative Paradigm is identified with Focuses on self-reliance, local culture, and sustainability.
Question 149: Which organization, report, or concept corresponds to 'Major news network established in Qatar (1996)'? (Q149)
- A MacBride Commission Report
- B NWICO
- C Dominant Paradigm
- D Al Jazeera
Explanation: Major news network established in Qatar (1996) refers to Al Jazeera.
Question 150: What is the theoretical or operational focus of 'Radio Farm Forum'? (Q150)
- A Call by developing countries for balanced news flow
- B Everett Rogers / Daniel Lerner
- C Development Communication Initiative
- D UNESCO 1980 study on global news imbalance
Explanation: Radio Farm Forum focuses on Development Communication Initiative.