Here is the completely updated `question.php`. I added the missing `$breadcrumbs` array and defined `$category_name` and `$topic_name` right before the header is included. This ensures that `header.php` generates the correct Breadcrumb Schema, page title, and meta description for single question pages. Replace your entire `question.php` with this: ```php Indus Valley Civilization Questions
TestMaster MCQs

Indus Valley Civilization Questions

Home General Knowledge Indus Valley Civilization
Q. The Indus Valley Civilization is also known as:
Dravidian Civilization
Harappan Civilization
Aryan Civilization
Vedic Civilization

Explanation:

It is also called the Harappan Civilization, after Harappa.

Q. Harappa was discovered in which year?
1922
1924
1930
1921

Explanation:

Daya Ram Sahni discovered Harappa in 1921.

Q. Mohenjo-daro is located in which modern country?
Pakistan
India
Iran
Afghanistan

Explanation:

Mohenjo-daro is in Sindh, Pakistan.

Q. Harappa is located in which modern country?
Iran
India
Afghanistan
Pakistan

Explanation:

Harappa is in Punjab, Pakistan.

Q. The Great Bath is at which site?
Lothal
Harappa
Kalibangan
Mohenjo-daro

Explanation:

The Great Bath is a public water tank at Mohenjo-daro.

Q. IVC cities were known for:
Pyramidal temples
Iron metallurgy
Massive palaces
Grid streets and planned drainage

Explanation:

IVC cities had grid streets, drainage systems, and standardised bricks.

Q. IVC bricks were standardised in the ratio:
1:1:2
1:2:4
2:3:4
1:3:5

Explanation:

IVC bricks used a 1:2:4 thickness:width:length proportion.

Q. The 'Dancing Girl' figurine was found at:
Mohenjo-daro
Dholavira
Lothal
Harappa

Explanation:

The bronze Dancing Girl is from Mohenjo-daro.

Q. The Pashupati seal depicts a figure resembling:
Vishnu
Shiva
Brahma
Krishna

Explanation:

The Pashupati seal's seated horned figure resembles the Hindu deity Shiva.

Q. The IVC script is:
Deciphered in 1924
Related to cuneiform
Undeciphered
A form of Sanskrit

Explanation:

The Indus script remains undeciphered.

Q. The most common animal on IVC seals is:
Lion
Elephant
Horse
Humped bull

Explanation:

The humped bull (zebu) appears most frequently on Indus seals.

Q. Which animal is NOT depicted on IVC seals?
Tiger
Horse
Elephant
Bull

Explanation:

The horse is absent from IVC art, suggesting it was not yet widely used in South Asia.

Q. Dholavira is known for its:
Dockyard
Royal tombs
Great Bath
Water reservoirs and city layout

Explanation:

Dholavira (in Kutch, Gujarat) is famous for its water reservoirs and three-part city layout.

Q. Rakhigarhi is located in which Indian state?
Gujarat
Haryana
Punjab
Rajasthan

Explanation:

Rakhigarhi is in Haryana, India.

Q. Kalibangan is located in which Indian state?
Gujarat
Rajasthan
Haryana
Punjab

Explanation:

Kalibangan is in Rajasthan, India.

Q. The IVC traded with which ancient civilization?
Mesopotamia
China
Egypt
Greece

Explanation:

IVC seals found in Mesopotamia show trade with 'Meluhha' (the Indus region).

Q. The IVC was among the first to cultivate:
Rice
Potato
Maize
Cotton

Explanation:

The IVC was the earliest civilization to cultivate and produce cotton.

Q. The Mature Harappan phase is dated:
100 BCE–100 CE
2600–1900 BCE
5000–4000 BCE
1000–500 BCE

Explanation:

The Mature Harappan phase is c. 2600–1900 BCE.

Q. Mehrgarh, one of the earliest Neolithic sites, is located in:
Punjab, Pakistan
Balochistan, Pakistan
Sindh, Pakistan
Gujarat, India

Explanation:

Mehrgarh is in Balochistan, Pakistan, occupied from 7000 BCE.

Q. The IVC urban planning notably lacks:
Monumental palaces and royal tombs
Standardised bricks
Drainage systems
Grid streets

Explanation:

Unlike Egypt and Mesopotamia, IVC has no palaces, pyramids, or royal tombs, suggesting a more egalitarian society.

Q. Mohenjo-daro is a UNESCO World Heritage Site inscribed in:
2010
1999
1980
1950

Explanation:

Mohenjo-daro was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.

Q. The IVC decline is best explained by:
Multiple factors (climate, rivers, migration)
Foreign invasion
Aryan invasion only
Single earthquake

Explanation:

Multiple factors — climate change, river shifts, floods, and migration — likely contributed to IVC decline.

Popular Topics

```