Here is the completely updated `question.php`. I added the missing `$breadcrumbs` array and defined `$category_name` and `$topic_name` right before the header is included. This ensures that `header.php` generates the correct Breadcrumb Schema, page title, and meta description for single question pages. Replace your entire `question.php` with this: ```php Novel & Prose Questions
Q. The novel as a literary genre rose to prominence in which century?
18th century
14th century
16th century
20th century

Explanation:

The English novel rose in the 18th century, with Defoe, Richardson, and Fielding as pioneers.

Q. 'Pamela' (1740) was written by:
Henry Fielding
Samuel Richardson
Daniel Defoe
Laurence Sterne

Explanation:

Samuel Richardson wrote Pamela, an epistolary novel considered a landmark in the development of the English novel.

Q. 'Tom Jones' (1749) was written by:
Henry Fielding
Laurence Sterne
Samuel Richardson
Tobias Smollett

Explanation:

Henry Fielding wrote Tom Jones, a picaresque comic novel.

Q. 'Tristram Shandy' was written by:
Laurence Sterne
Samuel Richardson
Henry Fielding
Jonathan Swift

Explanation:

Laurence Sterne wrote Tristram Shandy (1759–67), an experimental novel notable for digressions.

Q. The Brontë sisters published their novels under the pen names:
Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell
Lewis Carroll and others
Various male names
George Eliot and others

Explanation:

Charlotte (Currer Bell), Emily (Ellis Bell), and Anne (Acton Bell) used male pseudonyms.

Q. George Eliot was the pen name of:
Charlotte Brontë
Mary Ann Evans
Emily Brontë
Jane Austen

Explanation:

George Eliot was the pen name of Mary Ann Evans.

Q. 'Middlemarch' was written by:
George Eliot
Charles Dickens
Anthony Trollope
Thomas Hardy

Explanation:

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) wrote Middlemarch (1871–72), considered one of the greatest English novels.

Q. 'Tess of the d'Urbervilles' was written by:
George Meredith
George Eliot
Thomas Hardy
Charles Dickens

Explanation:

Thomas Hardy wrote Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891), a tragic novel about a rural woman.

Q. 'Great Expectations' is a novel by:
William Thackeray
Thomas Hardy
Charles Dickens
George Eliot

Explanation:

Charles Dickens wrote Great Expectations (1860–61), a bildungsroman about Pip.

Q. 'Vanity Fair' was written by:
Anthony Trollope
William Thackeray
George Eliot
Charles Dickens

Explanation:

William Makepeace Thackeray wrote Vanity Fair (1847–48), a satirical novel of Victorian society.

Q. 'Mrs Dalloway' was written by:
Virginia Woolf
James Joyce
D.H. Lawrence
E.M. Forster

Explanation:

Virginia Woolf wrote Mrs Dalloway (1925), a modernist novel covering a single day in London.

Q. 'Ulysses' (1922) was written by:
Marcel Proust
Virginia Woolf
Franz Kafka
James Joyce

Explanation:

James Joyce wrote Ulysses, a landmark Modernist novel set on a single day (June 16, 1904) in Dublin.

Q. Ulysses is structured around which classical work?
Virgil's Aeneid
Dante's Divine Comedy
Milton's Paradise Lost
Homer's Odyssey

Explanation:

Ulysses parallels Homer's Odyssey, with each chapter corresponding to episodes.

Q. 'The Sound and the Fury' was written by:
John Steinbeck
William Faulkner
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Ernest Hemingway

Explanation:

William Faulkner wrote The Sound and the Fury (1929), set in the American South.

Q. 'The Grapes of Wrath' was written by:
William Faulkner
Ernest Hemingway
John Steinbeck
F. Scott Fitzgerald

Explanation:

John Steinbeck wrote The Grapes of Wrath (1939), about Dust Bowl migrants during the Great Depression.

Q. 'To Kill a Mockingbird' was written by:
Carson McCullers
Flannery O'Connor
Harper Lee
Truman Capote

Explanation:

Harper Lee wrote To Kill a Mockingbird (1960), about racial injustice in the American South.

Q. 'Lord of the Flies' was written by:
William Golding
Aldous Huxley
Anthony Burgess
George Orwell

Explanation:

William Golding wrote Lord of the Flies (1954), an allegory about boys stranded on an island.

Q. 'Brave New World' was written by:
Ray Bradbury
H.G. Wells
Aldous Huxley
George Orwell

Explanation:

Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World (1932), a dystopian novel about a genetically engineered future society.

Q. 'A Passage to India' was written by:
Rudyard Kipling
Somerset Maugham
Paul Scott
E.M. Forster

Explanation:

E.M. Forster wrote A Passage to India (1924), set during the British Raj.

Q. An epistolary novel is written as:
A diary of one day
A series of letters
A single monologue
A poem sequence

Explanation:

An epistolary novel is composed primarily of letters (e.g., Pamela, Dracula).

Q. A bildungsroman is a novel about:
Detective investigations
Historical events
Coming-of-age and personal growth
A journey to a foreign land

Explanation:

Bildungsroman means a 'coming-of-age' novel focusing on the protagonist's psychological and moral growth.

Q. A roman à clef is a novel that:
Is written in Latin
Disguises real people as fictional characters
Focuses on a single day
Follows a strict plot structure

Explanation:

A roman à clef ('novel with a key') masks real people behind fictional characters.

Q. A picaresque novel typically features:
A philosophical debate
A single tragic event
A roguish hero's episodic adventures
A fixed setting only

Explanation:

A picaresque novel follows a roguish hero (picaro) through episodic adventures (e.g., Tom Jones, Don Quixote).

Q. Stream of consciousness as a narrative technique is most associated with:
Modernist writers like Woolf and Joyce
Romantic poets
Victorian novelists
Augustan satirists

Explanation:

Stream of consciousness is associated with modernists like Virginia Woolf and James Joyce.

Q. The 'theatre of the absurd' overlaps most with which novelistic mode?
Sentimental comedy
Existentialist and absurdist fiction
Detective fiction
Historical romance

Explanation:

Absurdist fiction (Beckett, Kafka) shares with absurdist drama the theme of existential meaninglessness.

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