Here is the completely updated `question.php`. I added the missing `$breadcrumbs` array and defined `$category_name` and `$topic_name` right before the header is included. This ensures that `header.php` generates the correct Breadcrumb Schema, page title, and meta description for single question pages. Replace your entire `question.php` with this: ```php Novel & Prose Questions
Q. The novel as a literary genre rose to prominence in which century?
16th century
20th century
14th century
18th century

Explanation:

The English novel rose in the 18th century, with Defoe, Richardson, and Fielding as pioneers.

Q. 'Pamela' (1740) was written by:
Henry Fielding
Samuel Richardson
Laurence Sterne
Daniel Defoe

Explanation:

Samuel Richardson wrote Pamela, an epistolary novel considered a landmark in the development of the English novel.

Q. 'Tom Jones' (1749) was written by:
Samuel Richardson
Tobias Smollett
Laurence Sterne
Henry Fielding

Explanation:

Henry Fielding wrote Tom Jones, a picaresque comic novel.

Q. 'Tristram Shandy' was written by:
Samuel Richardson
Laurence Sterne
Henry Fielding
Jonathan Swift

Explanation:

Laurence Sterne wrote Tristram Shandy (1759–67), an experimental novel notable for digressions.

Q. The Brontë sisters published their novels under the pen names:
George Eliot and others
Lewis Carroll and others
Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell
Various male names

Explanation:

Charlotte (Currer Bell), Emily (Ellis Bell), and Anne (Acton Bell) used male pseudonyms.

Q. George Eliot was the pen name of:
Charlotte Brontë
Mary Ann Evans
Jane Austen
Emily Brontë

Explanation:

George Eliot was the pen name of Mary Ann Evans.

Q. 'Middlemarch' was written by:
Charles Dickens
Anthony Trollope
George Eliot
Thomas Hardy

Explanation:

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) wrote Middlemarch (1871–72), considered one of the greatest English novels.

Q. 'Tess of the d'Urbervilles' was written by:
Charles Dickens
Thomas Hardy
George Meredith
George Eliot

Explanation:

Thomas Hardy wrote Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891), a tragic novel about a rural woman.

Q. 'Great Expectations' is a novel by:
Thomas Hardy
William Thackeray
Charles Dickens
George Eliot

Explanation:

Charles Dickens wrote Great Expectations (1860–61), a bildungsroman about Pip.

Q. 'Vanity Fair' was written by:
Anthony Trollope
Charles Dickens
William Thackeray
George Eliot

Explanation:

William Makepeace Thackeray wrote Vanity Fair (1847–48), a satirical novel of Victorian society.

Q. 'Mrs Dalloway' was written by:
E.M. Forster
Virginia Woolf
D.H. Lawrence
James Joyce

Explanation:

Virginia Woolf wrote Mrs Dalloway (1925), a modernist novel covering a single day in London.

Q. 'Ulysses' (1922) was written by:
Virginia Woolf
Marcel Proust
Franz Kafka
James Joyce

Explanation:

James Joyce wrote Ulysses, a landmark Modernist novel set on a single day (June 16, 1904) in Dublin.

Q. Ulysses is structured around which classical work?
Virgil's Aeneid
Dante's Divine Comedy
Milton's Paradise Lost
Homer's Odyssey

Explanation:

Ulysses parallels Homer's Odyssey, with each chapter corresponding to episodes.

Q. 'The Sound and the Fury' was written by:
William Faulkner
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Ernest Hemingway
John Steinbeck

Explanation:

William Faulkner wrote The Sound and the Fury (1929), set in the American South.

Q. 'The Grapes of Wrath' was written by:
F. Scott Fitzgerald
John Steinbeck
William Faulkner
Ernest Hemingway

Explanation:

John Steinbeck wrote The Grapes of Wrath (1939), about Dust Bowl migrants during the Great Depression.

Q. 'To Kill a Mockingbird' was written by:
Truman Capote
Flannery O'Connor
Carson McCullers
Harper Lee

Explanation:

Harper Lee wrote To Kill a Mockingbird (1960), about racial injustice in the American South.

Q. 'Lord of the Flies' was written by:
William Golding
Anthony Burgess
George Orwell
Aldous Huxley

Explanation:

William Golding wrote Lord of the Flies (1954), an allegory about boys stranded on an island.

Q. 'Brave New World' was written by:
George Orwell
Aldous Huxley
Ray Bradbury
H.G. Wells

Explanation:

Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World (1932), a dystopian novel about a genetically engineered future society.

Q. 'A Passage to India' was written by:
Somerset Maugham
Paul Scott
Rudyard Kipling
E.M. Forster

Explanation:

E.M. Forster wrote A Passage to India (1924), set during the British Raj.

Q. An epistolary novel is written as:
A poem sequence
A diary of one day
A single monologue
A series of letters

Explanation:

An epistolary novel is composed primarily of letters (e.g., Pamela, Dracula).

Q. A bildungsroman is a novel about:
A journey to a foreign land
Coming-of-age and personal growth
Detective investigations
Historical events

Explanation:

Bildungsroman means a 'coming-of-age' novel focusing on the protagonist's psychological and moral growth.

Q. A roman à clef is a novel that:
Disguises real people as fictional characters
Follows a strict plot structure
Is written in Latin
Focuses on a single day

Explanation:

A roman à clef ('novel with a key') masks real people behind fictional characters.

Q. A picaresque novel typically features:
A fixed setting only
A philosophical debate
A roguish hero's episodic adventures
A single tragic event

Explanation:

A picaresque novel follows a roguish hero (picaro) through episodic adventures (e.g., Tom Jones, Don Quixote).

Q. Stream of consciousness as a narrative technique is most associated with:
Modernist writers like Woolf and Joyce
Victorian novelists
Romantic poets
Augustan satirists

Explanation:

Stream of consciousness is associated with modernists like Virginia Woolf and James Joyce.

Q. The 'theatre of the absurd' overlaps most with which novelistic mode?
Existentialist and absurdist fiction
Detective fiction
Historical romance
Sentimental comedy

Explanation:

Absurdist fiction (Beckett, Kafka) shares with absurdist drama the theme of existential meaninglessness.

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