Here is the completely updated `question.php`. I added the missing `$breadcrumbs` array and defined `$category_name` and `$topic_name` right before the header is included. This ensures that `header.php` generates the correct Breadcrumb Schema, page title, and meta description for single question pages. Replace your entire `question.php` with this: ```php Novel & Prose Questions
Q. The novel as a literary genre rose to prominence in which century?
16th century
20th century
14th century
18th century

Explanation:

The English novel rose in the 18th century, with Defoe, Richardson, and Fielding as pioneers.

Q. 'Pamela' (1740) was written by:
Samuel Richardson
Laurence Sterne
Henry Fielding
Daniel Defoe

Explanation:

Samuel Richardson wrote Pamela, an epistolary novel considered a landmark in the development of the English novel.

Q. 'Tom Jones' (1749) was written by:
Laurence Sterne
Samuel Richardson
Tobias Smollett
Henry Fielding

Explanation:

Henry Fielding wrote Tom Jones, a picaresque comic novel.

Q. 'Tristram Shandy' was written by:
Jonathan Swift
Samuel Richardson
Laurence Sterne
Henry Fielding

Explanation:

Laurence Sterne wrote Tristram Shandy (1759–67), an experimental novel notable for digressions.

Q. The Brontë sisters published their novels under the pen names:
Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell
Various male names
George Eliot and others
Lewis Carroll and others

Explanation:

Charlotte (Currer Bell), Emily (Ellis Bell), and Anne (Acton Bell) used male pseudonyms.

Q. George Eliot was the pen name of:
Mary Ann Evans
Charlotte Brontë
Emily Brontë
Jane Austen

Explanation:

George Eliot was the pen name of Mary Ann Evans.

Q. 'Middlemarch' was written by:
George Eliot
Thomas Hardy
Charles Dickens
Anthony Trollope

Explanation:

George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) wrote Middlemarch (1871–72), considered one of the greatest English novels.

Q. 'Tess of the d'Urbervilles' was written by:
George Meredith
Charles Dickens
George Eliot
Thomas Hardy

Explanation:

Thomas Hardy wrote Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891), a tragic novel about a rural woman.

Q. 'Great Expectations' is a novel by:
Charles Dickens
George Eliot
Thomas Hardy
William Thackeray

Explanation:

Charles Dickens wrote Great Expectations (1860–61), a bildungsroman about Pip.

Q. 'Vanity Fair' was written by:
Charles Dickens
William Thackeray
George Eliot
Anthony Trollope

Explanation:

William Makepeace Thackeray wrote Vanity Fair (1847–48), a satirical novel of Victorian society.

Q. 'Mrs Dalloway' was written by:
D.H. Lawrence
James Joyce
E.M. Forster
Virginia Woolf

Explanation:

Virginia Woolf wrote Mrs Dalloway (1925), a modernist novel covering a single day in London.

Q. 'Ulysses' (1922) was written by:
Franz Kafka
Virginia Woolf
James Joyce
Marcel Proust

Explanation:

James Joyce wrote Ulysses, a landmark Modernist novel set on a single day (June 16, 1904) in Dublin.

Q. Ulysses is structured around which classical work?
Homer's Odyssey
Virgil's Aeneid
Milton's Paradise Lost
Dante's Divine Comedy

Explanation:

Ulysses parallels Homer's Odyssey, with each chapter corresponding to episodes.

Q. 'The Sound and the Fury' was written by:
William Faulkner
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Ernest Hemingway
John Steinbeck

Explanation:

William Faulkner wrote The Sound and the Fury (1929), set in the American South.

Q. 'The Grapes of Wrath' was written by:
John Steinbeck
Ernest Hemingway
F. Scott Fitzgerald
William Faulkner

Explanation:

John Steinbeck wrote The Grapes of Wrath (1939), about Dust Bowl migrants during the Great Depression.

Q. 'To Kill a Mockingbird' was written by:
Truman Capote
Carson McCullers
Flannery O'Connor
Harper Lee

Explanation:

Harper Lee wrote To Kill a Mockingbird (1960), about racial injustice in the American South.

Q. 'Lord of the Flies' was written by:
Anthony Burgess
Aldous Huxley
George Orwell
William Golding

Explanation:

William Golding wrote Lord of the Flies (1954), an allegory about boys stranded on an island.

Q. 'Brave New World' was written by:
George Orwell
H.G. Wells
Aldous Huxley
Ray Bradbury

Explanation:

Aldous Huxley wrote Brave New World (1932), a dystopian novel about a genetically engineered future society.

Q. 'A Passage to India' was written by:
E.M. Forster
Paul Scott
Rudyard Kipling
Somerset Maugham

Explanation:

E.M. Forster wrote A Passage to India (1924), set during the British Raj.

Q. An epistolary novel is written as:
A series of letters
A poem sequence
A single monologue
A diary of one day

Explanation:

An epistolary novel is composed primarily of letters (e.g., Pamela, Dracula).

Q. A bildungsroman is a novel about:
Detective investigations
Coming-of-age and personal growth
Historical events
A journey to a foreign land

Explanation:

Bildungsroman means a 'coming-of-age' novel focusing on the protagonist's psychological and moral growth.

Q. A roman à clef is a novel that:
Focuses on a single day
Disguises real people as fictional characters
Is written in Latin
Follows a strict plot structure

Explanation:

A roman à clef ('novel with a key') masks real people behind fictional characters.

Q. A picaresque novel typically features:
A philosophical debate
A fixed setting only
A roguish hero's episodic adventures
A single tragic event

Explanation:

A picaresque novel follows a roguish hero (picaro) through episodic adventures (e.g., Tom Jones, Don Quixote).

Q. Stream of consciousness as a narrative technique is most associated with:
Victorian novelists
Modernist writers like Woolf and Joyce
Romantic poets
Augustan satirists

Explanation:

Stream of consciousness is associated with modernists like Virginia Woolf and James Joyce.

Q. The 'theatre of the absurd' overlaps most with which novelistic mode?
Historical romance
Existentialist and absurdist fiction
Sentimental comedy
Detective fiction

Explanation:

Absurdist fiction (Beckett, Kafka) shares with absurdist drama the theme of existential meaninglessness.

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