Here is the completely updated `question.php`.
I added the missing `$breadcrumbs` array and defined `$category_name` and `$topic_name` right before the header is included. This ensures that `header.php` generates the correct Breadcrumb Schema, page title, and meta description for single question pages.
Replace your entire `question.php` with this:
```php
English Literature MCQs Questions
Q.
Who is considered the father of English poetry?
John Milton
Edmund Spenser
William Shakespeare
Geoffrey Chaucer
Explanation:
Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343–1400) is called the father of English poetry for establishing Middle English literary tradition, especially via The Canterbury Tales.
Q.
The Canterbury Tales was written by:
Geoffrey Chaucer
Thomas Malory
John Gower
William Langland
Explanation:
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales (c. 1387–1400), a collection of stories told by pilgrims.
Q.
Who wrote 'Paradise Lost'?
Alexander Pope
John Dryden
John Milton
John Donne
Explanation:
John Milton wrote Paradise Lost (1667), an epic poem about the fall of man.
Q.
Shakespeare wrote how many plays (approximately)?
20
100
50
37–39
Explanation:
Shakespeare wrote approximately 37–39 plays, alongside 154 sonnets.
Q.
Shakespeare's sonnets number:
154
50
100
200
Explanation:
Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets, published in 1609.
Q.
Who wrote 'Pride and Prejudice'?
George Eliot
Jane Austen
Mary Shelley
Charlotte Brontë
Explanation:
Jane Austen wrote Pride and Prejudice (1813), a novel of manners about the Bennet family.
Q.
Who wrote 'Oliver Twist'?
Charles Dickens
George Eliot
Thomas Hardy
William Thackeray
Explanation:
Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist (1838), about an orphan in Victorian England.
Q.
Which poet is known as the 'Lake Poet' along with Wordsworth?
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
John Keats
Lord Byron
Explanation:
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, along with William Wordsworth, was a central Lake Poet. Robert Southey was also included.
Q.
The Romantic Movement in English literature peaked during which period?
1798–1832
1837–1901
1900–1950
1660–1700
Explanation:
The Romantic Movement flourished c. 1798 (Lyrical Ballads) to c. 1832.
Q.
Lyrical Ballads (1798) was co-authored by:
Keats and Shelley
Blake and Burns
Byron and Shelley
Wordsworth and Coleridge
Explanation:
Lyrical Ballads was jointly written by Wordsworth and Coleridge, marking the start of English Romanticism.
Q.
'Ode to a Nightingale' was written by:
William Wordsworth
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Lord Byron
John Keats
Explanation:
John Keats wrote 'Ode to a Nightingale' in 1819, one of his six great odes.
Q.
'Ozymandias' was written by:
Lord Byron
John Keats
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Explanation:
Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote 'Ozymandias' (1818), about the ruins of a once-great king.
Q.
'Kubla Khan' was written by:
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Robert Southey
John Keats
William Blake
Explanation:
Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote 'Kubla Khan', reportedly from an opium dream.
Q.
Who wrote 'The Waste Land'?
T.S. Eliot
W.B. Yeats
Ezra Pound
W.H. Auden
Explanation:
T.S. Eliot wrote The Waste Land (1922), a landmark of Modernist poetry.
Q.
'The Old Man and the Sea' was written by:
William Faulkner
Ernest Hemingway
John Steinbeck
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Explanation:
Ernest Hemingway wrote The Old Man and the Sea (1952), which won the Pulitzer Prize.
Q.
Which novel begins with 'Call me Ishmael'?
The Great Gatsby
The Scarlet Letter
Moby-Dick
Huckleberry Finn
Explanation:
Herman Melville's Moby-Dick opens with 'Call me Ishmael'.
Q.
George Orwell's '1984' describes:
A dystopian totalitarian future
A romance between two aristocrats
Victorian England
A rural farming community
Explanation:
1984 (1949) describes a dystopian totalitarian future dominated by Big Brother and the Party.
Q.
Who wrote 'Animal Farm'?
Arthur Koestler
Aldous Huxley
George Orwell
H.G. Wells
Explanation:
George Orwell wrote Animal Farm (1945), a political allegory about the Russian Revolution.
Q.
The first English novel is often considered to be:
Tom Jones
Robinson Crusoe
Gulliver's Travels
Pamela
Explanation:
Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719) is often called the first English novel.
Q.
'Gulliver's Travels' was written by:
Jonathan Swift
Daniel Defoe
Samuel Richardson
Henry Fielding
Explanation:
Jonathan Swift wrote Gulliver's Travels (1726), a satirical novel.
Q.
Who is the author of 'Frankenstein'?
Bram Stoker
Lord Byron
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Mary Shelley
Explanation:
Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein (1818), considered the first science fiction novel.
Q.
'Jane Eyre' was written by:
Emily Brontë
Jane Austen
Anne Brontë
Charlotte Brontë
Explanation:
Charlotte Brontë wrote Jane Eyre (1847) under the pen name Currer Bell.
Q.
'Wuthering Heights' was written by:
Emily Brontë
Jane Austen
Anne Brontë
Charlotte Brontë
Explanation:
Emily Brontë wrote Wuthering Heights (1847) under the pen name Ellis Bell.
Q.
Who wrote 'The Great Gatsby'?
Ernest Hemingway
John Steinbeck
F. Scott Fitzgerald
William Faulkner
Explanation:
F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote The Great Gatsby (1925), a novel about the Jazz Age.
Q.
The Nobel Prize in Literature was first awarded in which year?
1901
1910
1895
1920
Explanation:
The Nobel Prize in Literature was first awarded in 1901 to Sully Prudhomme.